Inside Mathmos’ lava lamp factory

In 2024, Mathmos’ Astro Lava Lamp celebrates its 60th anniversary with a series of creative collaborations that include a lava lamp by Sabine Marcelis that honours the design's original magic with a contemporary, minimalist treatment. 

On the occasion of the anniversary, we have a look at Mathmos' lava lamp factory in Poole, UK, to see how the still-mesmerising design is made, and delve into its 60-year history. 

Lava lamp: how it’s made

The lava lamp achieves its evocative effect through a simple formula. A food-grade glass bottle is filled with a mix of wax and water in contrasting colours. Still proudly made in Britain, each lava lamp is assembled by hand through a few essential steps. 

First, each bottle is checked to ensure it's fit for purpose. Then a spring is inserted into the bottle while it is injected with coloured wax, ensuring the substance collects at the bottom of the bottle. Next, the so-called master fluid is added to the bottle, in the form of coloured water in contrast with the wax. The final step sees the bottles being tanked in hot water, allowing the wax to set.

Lava lamp history: an icon from 1963 to today

The lava lamp was conceived in 1963 by British inventor Edward Craven Walker, an eccentric entrepreneur who founded Mathmos with his wife and business partner Christine Craven Walker in the same year. 

'Edward saw a primitive form of a lava lamp used as an egg timer in The Queens Head pub in the New Forest, near Poole. He was captivated by the movement of the liquids and set out to develop the idea into a workable light,' recalls Christine. After a few tries, Edward was able to replicate the effect and set up a workshop in Poole, filing a patent and marking the beginning of a design legend. 

Of the early days of Mathmos, Christine recalls: 'The first Astro lamps manufactured were ruined when moved about by carrier and could only be delivered by our own transport.' The team delivered lamps all over the country, and soon demand grew, forcing the company to further develop the concept so that the inside of the lamp could withstand movement and handling (a process that was largely done in secret). 

'We spent hundreds of hours finding and getting hold of different chemicals with which to experiment. [Edward] was determined to find a solution and eventually we found the right formulation,' says Christine 'For a period, he would make up part of the formula without telling anybody what it was.'

The lava lamp became a popular culture staple, with early appearances on the set of Dr Who and owners of the lamp including David Bowie, Ringo Starr and Paul McCartney cementing its cult status. 

mathmos.com